全文获取类型
收费全文 | 10548篇 |
免费 | 644篇 |
国内免费 | 74篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 47篇 |
儿科学 | 261篇 |
妇产科学 | 210篇 |
基础医学 | 1587篇 |
口腔科学 | 201篇 |
临床医学 | 841篇 |
内科学 | 2864篇 |
皮肤病学 | 86篇 |
神经病学 | 918篇 |
特种医学 | 525篇 |
外科学 | 1528篇 |
综合类 | 25篇 |
一般理论 | 4篇 |
预防医学 | 405篇 |
眼科学 | 108篇 |
药学 | 493篇 |
中国医学 | 39篇 |
肿瘤学 | 1124篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 56篇 |
2022年 | 62篇 |
2021年 | 226篇 |
2020年 | 129篇 |
2019年 | 200篇 |
2018年 | 259篇 |
2017年 | 201篇 |
2016年 | 259篇 |
2015年 | 262篇 |
2014年 | 388篇 |
2013年 | 483篇 |
2012年 | 831篇 |
2011年 | 833篇 |
2010年 | 468篇 |
2009年 | 412篇 |
2008年 | 730篇 |
2007年 | 769篇 |
2006年 | 737篇 |
2005年 | 730篇 |
2004年 | 670篇 |
2003年 | 682篇 |
2002年 | 585篇 |
2001年 | 92篇 |
2000年 | 82篇 |
1999年 | 92篇 |
1998年 | 119篇 |
1997年 | 72篇 |
1996年 | 62篇 |
1995年 | 76篇 |
1994年 | 61篇 |
1993年 | 46篇 |
1992年 | 30篇 |
1991年 | 57篇 |
1990年 | 33篇 |
1989年 | 32篇 |
1988年 | 40篇 |
1987年 | 25篇 |
1986年 | 24篇 |
1985年 | 24篇 |
1984年 | 33篇 |
1983年 | 27篇 |
1982年 | 32篇 |
1981年 | 28篇 |
1980年 | 18篇 |
1979年 | 13篇 |
1978年 | 10篇 |
1977年 | 12篇 |
1974年 | 16篇 |
1973年 | 15篇 |
1971年 | 9篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
41.
Andrea Dell’Amore Alessio Campisi Stefano Congiu Sara Mazzarra Saverio Pastore Giampiero Dolci Massimo Baiocchi Guido Frascaroli 《Artificial organs》2020,44(6):628-637
The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenator instead of standard cardiopulmonary bypass during lung transplantation is debatable. Moreover, recently, the concept of prolonged postoperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenator (ECMO) support has been introduced in many transplant centers to prevent primary graft dysfunction (PGD) and improve early and long-term results. The objective of this study was to review the results of our extracorporeal life support strategy during and after bilateral sequential lung transplantation (BSLT) for pulmonary artery hypertension. We review retrospectively our experience in BSLT for pulmonary artery hypertension between January 2010 and August 2018. A total of 38 patients were identified. Nine patients were transplanted using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), in eight cases CPB was followed by a prolonged ECMO (pECMO) support, 14 patients were transplanted on central ECMO support, and seven patients were transplanted with central ECMO support followed by a pECMO assistance. The effects of different support strategies were evaluated, in particular in-hospital morbidity, mortality, incidence of PGD, and long-term follow-up. The use of CPB was associated with poor postoperative results and worse long-term survival compared with ECMO-supported patients. Predictive preoperative factors for the need of intraoperative CPB instead of ECMO were identified. The pECMO strategy had a favorable effect to mitigate postoperative morbidity and mortality, not only in intraoperative ECMO-supported patients, but even in CPB-supported cases. In our experience, ECMO may be considered as the first choice circulatory support for lung transplantation. Sometimes, in very complex cases, CBP is still necessary. The pECMO strategy is very effective to reduce incidence of PGD even in CPB-supported patients. 相似文献
42.
Sarah Bonk MD Martina Kluth PhD Kristina Jansen MD Claudia Hube-Magg PhD Georgia Makrypidi-Fraune PhD Doris Höflmayer MD Sören Weidemann MD Katharina Möller MD Ria Uhlig MD Franziska Büscheck MD Andreas M. Luebke MD Eike Burandt MD Till S. Clauditz MD Stefan Steurer MD Thorsten Schlomm MD Hartwig Huland MD Hans Heinzer MD Guido Sauter MD Ronald Simon PhD David Dum MD 《The Prostate》2020,80(13):1097-1107
43.
Monzr M. Al Malki Nitya Nathwani Dongyun Yang Saro Armenian Sanjeet Dadwal Jaroslava Salman Sally Mokhtari Thai Cao Karamjeet Sandhu Michelle Rouse Matthew Mei Haris Ali Pablo Parker Joseph Alvarnas Eileen Smith Margaret O. Donnell Guido Marcucci David Snyder Ryotaro Nakamura 《Biology of blood and marrow transplantation》2018,24(9):1828-1835
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHCT) is offered increasingly to elderly patients with hematologic malignancies. However, outcome data in those who are 70 years or older are limited, and no standard conditioning regimen has been established for this population. In this retrospective study we evaluated the outcome of 53 consecutive patients aged 70 years and older who underwent alloHCT with melphalan-based reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) at City of Hope. Engraftment was prompt, with median time to neutrophil engraftment of 15 days. More than 95% of patients achieved complete donor chimerism within 6 weeks from HCT, consistent with the “semiablative” nature of this regimen. With a median follow-up of 31.1 months, the 2-year overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and nonrelapse mortality (NRM) were 68.9%, 63.8%, and 17.0%, respectively. Cumulative incidence of relapse at 1 and 2 years was 17.0% and 19.3%, respectively. One hundred–day cumulative incidence of grades II to IV acute graft-versus-host disease was 37.7% (grades III to IV, 18.9%), and 2-year cumulative incidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease was 61.9% (extensive, 45.9%). The only significant predictor for poor OS was high/very high disease risk index. Transplant-related complications and morbidities observed here did not differ from the commonly expected in younger patients treated with RIC. In conclusion, alloHCT with a melphalan-based conditioning regimen is associated with acceptable toxicities and NRM, lower incidence of relapse, and favorable OS and PFS in patients aged 70 years or older. 相似文献
44.
Christina Rautenberg Sabrina Pechtel Barbara Hildebrandt Beate Betz Ariane Dienst Kathrin Nachtkamp Mustafa Kondakci Stefanie Geyh Dagmar Wieczorek Rainer Haas Ulrich Germing Guido Kobbe Thomas Schroeder 《Biology of blood and marrow transplantation》2018,24(11):2337-2343
Overexpression of the Wilms' tumor 1 (WT1) gene is informative in many patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and is measurable in peripheral blood (PB). Despite these advantages, WT1 has not broadly been established as a marker for minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) due to limited patient numbers, differing sample sources, and nonstandardized in-house methods. To estimate the value of WT1 as an MRD marker, we serially quantified PB WT1 expression using a standardized European LeukemiaNet-certified assay in 59 patients with AML and MDS after allo-HSCT. We compared its performance with routine methods such as chimerism, XY-fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), disease-specific cytogenetic, and molecular analyses, which were accessible in 100%, 34%, 68%, and 37%, respectively. Twenty-four patients (41%) relapsed within a median of 126 days after allo-HSCT, and 20 of them showed at least 1 elevated WT1 value above the validated cutoff. The other 35 patients (59%) remained in complete remission, and only 1 patient had a transient increase in WT1 expression. This reflects a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 97% for WT1 and appears to be favorable compared with the sensitivities and specificities observed for chimerism (33% and 91%), XY-FISH (67% and 73%), cytogenetic (33% and 77%), and molecular (78% and 85%) analyses. Further supporting its predictive impact, elevated WT1 expression prompted an earlier BM biopsy and consecutively the diagnosis of relapse in 62% of patients. The results of this real-life experience imply that PB WT1 expression is measurable by a standardized assay and predicts imminent relapse after allo-HSCT with high sensitivity and specificity in most patients with AML and MDS. 相似文献
45.
Acute bronchiolitis: Influence of viral co‐infection in infants hospitalized over 12 consecutive epidemic seasons 下载免费PDF全文
Laura Petrarca Raffaella Nenna Antonella Frassanito Alessandra Pierangeli Salvatore Leonardi Carolina Scagnolari Guido Antonelli Paola Papoff Corrado Moretti Fabio Midulla 《Journal of medical virology》2018,90(4):631-638
46.
Alonso BarrantesFreer Aylin Sophie Engel Odir Antonio RodríguezVillagra Anne Winkler Markus Bergmann Christian Mawrin Tania Kuempfel Hannah Pellkofer Imke Metz Annalen Bleckmann Silvia HernndezDurn Sven Schippling Elisabeth J. Rushing Stephan Frank Markus Glatzel Jakob Matschke Christian Hartmann Guido Reifenberger Wolf Müller HansUlrich Schildhaus Wolfgang Brück Christine Stadelmann 《Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)》2018,28(2):225-233
The presence of inflammation and demyelination in a central nervous system (CNS) biopsy points towards a limited, yet heterogeneous group of pathologies, of which multiple sclerosis (MS) represents one of the principal considerations. Inflammatory demyelination has also been reported in patients with clinically suspected primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), especially when steroids had been administered prior to biopsy acquisition. The histopathological changes induced by corticosteroid treatment can range from mild reduction to complete disappearance of lymphoma cells. It has been proposed that in the absence of neoplastic B cells, these biopsies are indistinguishable from MS, yet despite the clinical relevance, no histological studies have specifically compared the two entities. In this work, we analyzed CNS biopsies from eight patients with inflammatory demyelination in whom PCNSL was later histologically confirmed, and compared them with nine well defined early active multiple sclerosis lesions. In the patients with steroid‐treated PCNSL (ST‐PCNSL) the interval between first and second biopsy ranged from 3 to 32 weeks; all of the patients had received corticosteroids before the first, but not the second biopsy. ST‐PCNSL patients were older than MS patients (mean age: ST‐PCNSL: 62 ± 4 years, MS: 30 ± 2 years), and histological analysis revealed numerous apoptoses, patchy and incomplete rather than confluent and complete demyelination and a fuzzy lesion edge. The loss of Luxol fast blue histochemistry was more profound than that of myelin proteins in immunohistochemistry, and T cell infiltration in ST‐PCNSL exceeded that in MS by around fivefold (P = 0.005). Our data indicate that in the presence of extensive inflammation and incomplete, inhomogeneous demyelination, the neuropathologist should refrain from primarily considering autoimmune inflammatory demyelination and, even in the absence of lymphoma cells, instigate close clinical follow‐up of the patient to detect recurrent lymphoma. 相似文献
47.
Paolo Gennaro Glauco Chisci Guido Gabriele Giorgio Iannetti 《The British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery》2014
Loss of sensation in the lip after insertion of an implant is annoying. The aim of this paper was to describe two techniques for management of osseointegrated dental implants that impinge on the mandibular nerve, the purpose of which is to improve sensation without unscrewing the dental implant. 相似文献
48.
Alexander Gröbe Henning Hanken Ahmed Al-Dam Georg Cachovan Ralf Smeets Antje Krohn Till Clauditz Tobias Grob Ronald Simon Guido Sauter Lan Kluwe Max Heiland Marco Blessmann 《Clinical oral investigations》2014,18(1):211-217
Objectives
The present study aims to investigate the relevance of immunohistochemical p53 expression in carcinomas of the oral cavity and of the head and neck region. Long-term clinical and histopathological follow-up findings as well as HPV status are correlated with the results of this examination.Materials and methods
Sections made from two tissue arrays composed of 222 oral squamous cell carcinomas and 427 squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck region, respectively, were examined for p53 expression and Ki-67 index by means of immunohistochemistry. Correlation of long-term clinical findings of the patients and pathological features of tumours with laboratory results were examined statistically.Results
No significant correlation was found between the p53 immunohistochemical expression in the 207 oral carcinomas and features of the tumours and patient outcomes. There was no significant association between the Ki-67 labelling index and the p53 expression.Discussion
Our failure in detecting any association of the p53 immunohistochemical expression regardless of HPV status with clinical features of these tumours suggests it lacks a prognostic value for squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity.Clinical relevance
The prognostic value of p53 immunostaining in oral squamous carcinoma is not clarified yet. In the present study, there is no impact on any prognostical item nor even a correlation with cell proliferation (Ki-67) regardless of HPV status. 相似文献49.
Henning Hanken Alexander Gröbe Georg Cachovan Ralf Smeets Ronald Simon Guido Sauter Max Heiland Marco Blessmann 《Clinical oral investigations》2014,18(1):269-276
Objectives
Gene products, which show a significant association to cell proliferation and cell cycle control, are of high scientific interest, because genes as well as gene products could be possible targets for a specific therapeutic approach and eventually be prognostic markers.Materials and methods
Cyclin D1 expression and amplification as well as the Ki-67 expression status were examined in a two tissue microarray analysis for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) including 546 patients. A tumour site-specific analysis and a survival analysis of 222 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients were performed. Cyclin D1 amplification status was examined with fluorescence in situ hybridisation analysis, while cyclin D1 expression and Ki-67 expression status were examined with IHC.Results
Amplification of the CCND1 gene and immunohistochemical expression of cyclin D1 and Ki-67 were examined in 546 tumours of the head and neck region in two tissue microarrays. CCND1 amplification was significantly more frequent in pharyngeal carcinomas (63 %) than in laryngeal (37 %) and oral (25 %) carcinomas. Among the 222 cases of OSCCs, both CCND1 amplification and cyclin D1 expression were significantly associated with overall survival of the patients (p?=?0.0127 and p?=?0.0004, respectively). Ki-67 expression was significantly associated with cyclin D1 expression and with amplification of the CCND1 gene (p?=?0.0002 and p?=?0.0015, respectively) but not with patient overall survival.Conclusion
Our results suggest the prognostic value of CCND1 amplification and cyclin D1 expression for patients with OSCC and highlight the genetic differences in HNSCC of different subanatomic localisation.Clinical relevance
Cyclin D1 expression and CCND1 amplification seem to have a prognostic value for OSCC. Further studies of HNSCC should always consider subanatomic genetic differences. 相似文献50.
Bertolini G Rossi C Crespi D Finazzi S Morandotti M Rossi S Peta M Langer M Poole D 《Intensive care medicine》2011,37(11):1746-1755